No? Chloroform is an anesthetic and its medical use was pioneered around the same time as nitrous oxide. People argue about what was truly first, but it is generally accepted that modern anesthesia was first used successfully in 1845 in Boston, (although the patient screamed, leading many to believe the drug had failed, although he later revealed he felt no pain.) In fact, the name “anesthesia” was almost certainly applied by Oliver Wendell Holmes, sr. Before this, if anything was used at all it was usually an opium derivative.
